From where does the nail plate grow?

The nail plate grows from the nail root toward the free edge. The nail root, located under the cuticle at the base of the nail, contains the matrix, which is the tissue that produces cells. As these cells multiply and harden, they form the keratin that makes up the nail plate. The growth process occurs from the matrix, and as new cells are produced, they push older cells forward, extending the nail plate toward the tip of the finger or toe, known as the free edge.

Understanding the anatomy and physiology of nail growth is crucial for nail technicians, as it informs them about nail health and proper techniques for care and enhancement. The other options do not accurately describe the process of nail growth, as they either refer to different parts of the nail anatomy or do not represent the biological mechanism responsible for the formation of the nail plate itself.